Background Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Foundation - Term Paper Example The air terminal was developed utilizing a metallic support that has been holding the whole set up. This has been joined so the pilots are educated about the potential threats that the airbuses may experience by appropriate show in the compass. Alongside this few foundations like four holders and private feasting clubs were set up in the air terminal premises. Post 1939 period when the air terminal was under the New York Municipality a great deal of reserve was contributed for the improvement of the air terminal and for fuse of current comforts (PANYNJ 1). In the later phases of advancement the air terminal confronted issues identifying with congestion and colossal weight of the air traffic. Be that as it may, the traffic confronted a decay after the psychological oppressor assault of eleventh September, 2001 and there was an abatement popular for movement in New York. Plans of redesign of the Central Terminal Building have been on the procedure and formative exercises are occurring to improve the landing strip design of LaGuardia. The sum total of what this have been attempted to expand the interest for air travel among the

How to Find the Best Website For Essay Writing

How to Find the Best Website For Essay WritingWhen looking for the best website for essay writing you will want to make sure that you are getting a high quality writing service. A well-written essay can make or break your grades, if you don't want to mess up your chances of getting into a great college or university. You should also look for websites that are well researched and filled with useful information. It is easy to find a lot of free information on the internet but when it comes to truly great research and writing the only way to go is through a reputable website.One of the first things that you will want to take a look at when you are looking for a website for essay writing is if they offer any type of homework help or resources. Most people will spend a large amount of time researching and writing their essays and this can become very time consuming. Some people may find that they want to see if they can pick up some tips from someone who has already gone through the proce ss. This can really help in giving them ideas on how to approach their own writing.The next thing that you will want to look for when you are looking for a website for essay writing is a place that offers articles to read. Most people use their computer for work, so they will want to be able to do their homework online. If you are able to get articles to read off of a website you can really do some serious damage to your grades. If you are having a hard time finding a writing resource that can give you tips then you might want to pay a little bit more and get a website that can really show you how to do research.Some websites that offer this type of resource are called 'help websites'. They have a list of information that they can provide to students that need it. Many of these websites also have contests where people can win prizes that can help them out with their essays. These websites can be helpful in that they offer useful resources without the cost that can be associated with paid resources.When you find a good website for essay writing you can feel free to take a look at the other tools that they have available. Some websites offer helpful tools like grammar check tools that can really make the writing process easier. Some sites will even offer short reports that are not only easy to read but can also help with teaching techniques.When you are looking for a website for essay writing you will want to make sure that you are reading the rules and guidelines carefully. There is a lot of information that you need to keep in mind before you start your assignment. Many of these rules will help to make sure that you are following the rules of the essay and that you are getting your point across. Not all essay writing websites are similar, so you will need to find a website that can help you be the best essay writer that you can be.When you are looking for a website for essay writing, make sure that you are making sure that you are using the right type of writi ng. There are many different ways that you can get your essay published. Many websites offer professional journals that can help to turn your essay into a professionally written paper. The only problem with this is that these types of journals are usually expensive and are also very time consuming.A website for essay writing that can help you turn your thoughts into an easily readable essay can be a real benefit to you. The best way to ensure that you are going to be able to accomplish your essay writing goals is to make sure that you are using the right type of writing assistance. Many websites that offer this type of service will have many different tutorials and materials that can help you turn your essay into the perfect writing document.

To what extent do organizations challenge the nation state’s ability to shape domestic economic and social policy?

What exactly degree do associations like the IMF, WTO, and World Bank challenge the country state’s capacity to shape household financial and social approach? This ought not be a paper about the historical backdrop of these associations. The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the General Agreements on Trades and Tariffs(GATT), which transform into the World Trade Organization(WTO), are the fundamental associations that manage the solidness of the worldwide economy.They have done this yet advancing exchange, giving advances to nations in a difficult situation and permitting global contributing. The difficult that has emerged from these associations is that they have relinquished the household economy of numerous nations so as to help their worldwide motivation. A fast diagram of how the WTO, IMF and the World Bank began and work. Post World War II, numerous nations hoped to modify the budgetary structure of the worldwide economy without losing their capacity in the economy. The three associations each offer a shared objective of worldwide policies.The IMF was made to keep up worldwide money related collaboration and strength by making credits to nations with equalization of installment issues, balancing out trade rates and animating development and work, the WTO manages global exchange, both formalizing exchange and settling debates among nations, and the World Bank has consistently expanded its unique command of giving long haul advances to recreation, to subsidizing multimillion dollar framework extends in creating nations. These individual associations have gone under much examination for their inclusion in the universal economy.They have been blamed for adversely influencing the economies of its taking an interest nations as opposed to making a difference. Numerous strategies set out by these gatherings have demonstrated a radical change in the development of the household economy and social arrangements. These approaches generally influence less created countries’ economies since the IMF and the World Bank are control by not many, well off countries like the â€Å"Big Five†(U. S. , UK, Germany, Japan, and France) who hope to remain the controlling forces in the worldwide economy. The explanation behind this lopsided democratic force is on the grounds that the IMF and World Bank are set up with the goal that the democratic force is circulated by thefinancial quality of nations. In contrast to the IMF and World Bank, the WTO does in actuality have equivalent democratic force through its taking part individuals. Less created nations don't have the assets and government power, similar to these increasingly created nations. So even with the equivalent democratic force, these less evolved nations despite everything succumb to these increasingly created nations. The IMF, World Bank and WTO are frequently interconnecting in light of the fact that how they each add to worldwide strategies. For instance, a nation that is hoping to build its residential economy will go to the World Bank for an advance so as to put resources into a project.More frequently than not, these task bring about more obligation for this nation than benefit. By placing themselves in a greater monetary gap, this nation should now turn towards the IMF so as to shield them from getting bankrupt. Before the IMF gives an advance, this nation must consent to specific conditions that regularly require economy approaches to be balanced. These conditions take into consideration outside companies to contribute and control the economy of this nation. The WTO participate by keeping up exchange understandings set up by them.â€Å"The WTO has the power to forestall, overrule, or weaken and laws of any country considered to trouble the venture and market right of transnational enterprises. † (ROTHENBERG pg 450) This takes into account the WTO to keep up its power over this nation. The central point in this procedure is the IMF’s expressions and conditions that they require from their taking part individuals. These conditions are incredibly adverse to the household economy of these nations in light of the fact that once these conditions are fulfilled, these nations are currently left weak and unfit to develop internally.These terms incorporate cutting social spending and the national financial plan, expanding loan costs, disassemble guidelines universal contributing and responsibility for organizations, taking out taxes, cut and divert dies down specific products, and lessening government power. This sort of â€Å"structural change is helpful for a type of â€Å"economic genocide† which is brought out through the cognizant and intentional control of market powers. †(ROTHENBERG pg. 455) First, the cutting of social spending and the national spending influence the residential economies and social approaches in a significant number manners. Cutting socialspending has an excepti onally clear effect on the social strategies by removing cash from medicinal services, instruction, military, ect.. The national obligation, then again, permits the IMF and World Bank to diminish the measure of cash in the residential economy, which thus powers nations to need to take out advances from these gatherings. These advances that are taken are frequently too difficult to even think about repaying. This in a manner makes an oddity between these associations and the individuals they are attempting to help. They make it with the goal that more unfortunate countries need to take get help from the IMF, however by taking their assistance they definitely put themselves in more obligation and financial turmoil.One of the huge ways the residential economy and social strategies are being tested is the disassembling of outside possession and global contributing. This makes an enormous daunting task for the nearby endeavors. By disposing of these guidelines, the IMF permits outside fi nancial specialist to control the economy and force neighborhood organizations to leave business just as control a large number of the open parts of the economy, similar to human services or instruction. With open divisions of an economy presently constrained by an outside speculator, the residential economies are in danger as well as the social approaches are likewise dependent upon much change.Increase in loan fees is an immediate aftereffect of fixing money related arrangements. This has made household getting hard. For instance, numerous littler and more unfortunate famers must battle for the minimal expenditure accessible. Furthermore, in light of the fact that they are little and poor, they come up short on the guarantee and are a high hazard so when they acquire cash they are liable to financing costs of 50 to 400 percent. â€Å"Rice brokers for the most part give credits to creation sources of info and afterward extricate little ranchers to lose their home loan land.With an expanding number of landless workers in the open country, genuine provincial bets and pay have declined, and the frequency of starvation has multiplied since 1985. The most recent figures show that roughly 75 percent of rustic families live in servile destitution. † (Danaher pg. 65) By dispensing with duties, charges are not being applied to universal organizations. This gives these organizations a simpler time joining their item into residential economies. These items can be made for less expensive than the residential item. What's more, when these organizations are creating in these nations, these gatherings would now be able to ensure them.This causes rivalry between the local item and the global item. Cutting and diverting dies down on specific merchandise. Dies down are utilized to help produce certain products, for example, wheat and vegetables, at a progressively moderate expense. These dies down are regularly the main benefit that these organizations make since it cos t such a great amount to create these products which are sold for inexpensively. Without died down, these makes must expand the expense of merchandise and this expansion make it difficult for these local economies to oppose taking credits from these organizations.This additionally makes these economies increasingly subject to imported products. This all prompts a diminishing in the administration power for a considerable lot of these nations. By diminishing the household economy and social arrangements, these nations have little state by they way they are dealt with. So as opposed to helping these nations that seek these associations for help in building up their Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the IMF, WTO and World Bank will leave these less created nations in a more unfortunate state than they were originally.And on that reality, gradually debilitating the administration forces of these less evolved nations will prompt less majority rule nations with any force inside the worldwide economy. These recently referenced variables have contributed the IMF, WTO, and World Bank’s negative notoriety to the extent harming the household economy and social approaches of numerous nations, particularly less created ones. In a great deal of cases, these associations have a tight hang on the nations that depend on them for help.It is indicated that between these three associations, the fundamental issue with their arrangement is that it just favors the more evolved nations while simultaneously putting limiting on the residential economies of less created nations. These less evolved nations scarcely any choices and accordingly should turn towards these associations with expectations of expanding their economies. They are frequently left in more obligation and a more terrible GDP on account of their couple of money related assets to put resources into the outside exchange and their absence of influence to prevent different nations from doing likewise to them.

King Lears Three Deaths Triumph, Nihilism, and Revision - Literature Essay Samples

If Shakespeare penned two King Lears, he created three King Lears. There is the Quartos hero, the Folios hero, and the hero who exists somewhere in the interplay. The last of these is not the same Lear who emerges variously in various conflated editions. That Lear is an editors creation. The Lear I refer to contradicts himself at one and the same moment, could never be seen on any stage, and dies two very different deaths.In an essay on Hamlets textual problems, Stanley Urkowitz wrote that comparing Q1 to Q2 is rather like [perusing] a museum or a gallery showing the variant states of the great Rembrandt etchings Each can stand alone, but when viewed side by side they show how the work grew and altered, and we can better appreciate the particular virtues of each trial. At this hypothetical Rembrandt exhibit a visitor to the museum might also concern himself with the question of what the differences between the etchings mean in themselves. A mole on an attractive womans nose that gro ws bigger from etching to etching suggests something about Rembrandts conception of beauty. The revisions might say as much about Rembrandts art as his discreet productions.There are many important differences between The History of King Lear of the 1608 Quarto and The Tragedy of King Lear of the 1623 Folio. As every critic who has written on the matter has pointed out, the Folio lacks some 285 lines and contains some 115 not found in the Quarto. The mock-trial scene of 3.6 is entirely missing from the Folio. Albany and the Fools parts are substantially cut. Edgars character is often argued to be given more importance. The emphasis on the war between France and Britain in F shifts to the civil war between Albany and Cornwall in Q. As the tide of criticism has tilted, since the publication of Gary Taylor and Michael Warrens Division of the Kingdoms in 1983, to the belief that these differences represent an authorial revision, high-ranking commentators like Urkowitz, E. A. J. Honingm an, and Stanley Wells find Q and F each to be consistent and coherent in its own right. R. A. Foakes, under the general editorship of David Kastan, attempts both to conflate and to preserve the two versions in his Arden edition. Words and passages found only in the Quarto are framed in this edition by superscript Q, and words and passages found only in the Folio by superscript F. This half-hearted contrivance hides the problem cleverly enough until Lear dies in 5.3.What I wish to do in this essay is to take a closer look at Lears two deaths, and to speculate on what they mean taken as an incongruent whole. From the criticism I have encountered, it seems that most scholars content themselves to argue that, indeed, Lears two deaths put two different Shakespearean spins on the play, that these spins are to a greater or lesser degree incompatible, and that therefore there are two different plays. All this is important, and I will attempt to deal with it on firm textual grounds, but wh at appears to me to be most exciting and, maybe, a tad original is the idea of this third death, this third Lear, and this third King Lear. I will suggest a possible reading of such a Lear, if only to open up an interesting (and perchance new?) way of looking at the King Lear and the King Lear that every reader senses living and dying behind these veils of text.In both Q and F, Albany delivers his ignorant proclamation of poetic justice just moments after Lear walks in carrying Cordelias dead body: All friends shall taste / the wages of their virtue and all foes / the cup of their deservings (5.3.301-3). Having assumed a greater authority, he feels that it is within his power to meet out grace and perdition. This would be laughable, if only the audience could laugh. All foes have already tasted the cup of their deservings. Edmund, Goneril, and Regan each died a violent death. And certainly Cordelias corpse indicates that at least one friend shall never taste the wages of her virtu e, especially in a pagan world devoid of Christs heavenly shadow. Besides showing Albany to be an idiot, the line strikes the most painful of contrasts with what Albany presumably points at when he shrieks, O see, see! (5.3.304)There, Lear says in both texts, And my poor fool is hanged (5.3.304). The And conjoins Lears declaration and Albanys foolishness for the audience. It also hints at the possibility that Lear is directly and consciously refuting Albany. This sarcasm would hardly be out of character for the bereaved father, who now more than ever is a man more sinned against than sinning. The reference to the poor fool is usually taken as Shakespeares (as opposed to Lears) allusion to the real fool who disappears in 3.6, as poor fool is also a term of endearment. But it seems plausible, given Lears mental state, that he is actually suffering from a momentary hallucination. Lear hallucinates many times over the course of his madness, most notably in Qs mock-trial scene, and there are tens of references to faulty vision. Shakespeare has also prepared us for how deeply Lear would grieve over his fools death, when Lear says at the heath, Poor fool and knave, I have one part in my heart / Thats sorry yet for thee (3.2.72-73). This line jives nicely with Lears last line in Q, Break, heart, I prithee break (Q 5.3.303), of which more will be said later.* A hallucination here would paint Lear as in part ignorant of his own miserable state. It would be much the worse to lose his daughter than his jester. Though F and Q share the ambiguous line, the question of Lears ability to grasp how low is his lot and how terrible are the gods that made his world is answered differently in the two original texts.No, no life are Lears next words in Q, and No, no, no life in F. The Folio echoes the extra no later with two extra never[s], the cumulative effect of which is to make Lear a little less in control of his language. No, no life is an assertion, implying in part some resig nation to the fact; No, no, no life sounds more like the defensive cry of a lunatic. If I appear to exaggerate the distinction, it may help the reader to say the words aloud. In any case, Qs three nevers against Fs five should make the point clear. The two variations, each consistent in itself, together suggest a dramatist revising his text for the clear purpose of imbuing a dying king with the final touches of an insanity he has suffered from for the last three acts. Why should a dog, a horse, a rat have life / And thou no breath at all? asks Lear of Cordelias corpse (and probably of the gods as well) in both Q and F. This is a good question, to which Lear never receives a reply. Technically speaking, the answer most likely lies in Albanys forgetfulness. Great thing of us forgot! (5.3.235) he said, some 60 lines earlier, Lear and Cordelia having strangely slipped his (and Edgars) mind. Had he remembered earlier, he might have gotten Edmund to confess his sinister order for the hero es deaths in time to save them, which might well have been the premise of Nathum Tates infamous and popular rewrite. In a sense then, Albany and Edgar deserve Lears overanxious condemnation in F: A plague upon you murders, traitors all (5.3.230). In another and more important sense, nobody really does. To borrow Deepak Chopras definition for synchronicity, a conspiracy of improbabilities is responsible for the tragedy that is 5.3. A thousand little things, a thousand coincidences, all came together to kill off Cordelia. Why was she captured? Why was the hangman on hand so willing to carry out his task? What in the stormy world of the play necessitated this inexplicable end to Lears only love. Just as Shakespeare made it rain too rough / For nature to endure (3.4.2-3), it is as if Shakespeare, above any of his characters including Edmund, has sent Cordelia off to die. The very absence of a compelling reason becomes the reason. It is a gratuitous death in the most disturbing sense of the phrase. It has no meaning other than the one that Lear will or will not bring to it.O thou wilt come no more, Lear says in Q (and similarly in F), without attempting an answer to his question. Never, never, never. Pray you, undo / this button. Thank you, sir (also in F). There is only one other use of the word undo in King Lear. It comes as blind Gloucester pontificates to his disguised son on the material inequalities of the world. He asks the gods to Let the superfluous and lust-dieted man feel your power quickly: / So distribution should undo excess / And each man have enough (4.1.72-74). At the moment Lear utters the word, he stands as a once superfluous and lust-dieted man (no longer, for sure), who by his politeness and deference to an inferior (be it a servant, Kent, or Edgar) does to a certain extent undo excess. Lear has learned the lesson of respecting inferiors as equals. But the application of the lesson is out of all proportion to the circumstances. Whoever does o r does not undo his button would probably interpret Lears deference as the rambling of a king who has lost all sense of self. The request itself is also a little insane. Shakespeare is clearly referring back to the storm, during which Lear tries to throw off his lendings. This connection makes sense inasmuch as first, we assume it refers to Lears button and not one on Cordelia, and second that we read into it the idea that Lear is once again exposing himself to the harsh rain of the gods. Perhaps Lear is making the connection in his own (unconscious or conscious) mind.This last line of thought holds much better for the Quarto, in which Lear ends the verse with, O, O, O, O! This is the first obviously significant difference between the two death scenes. O, O, O, O! might give an audience a way to understand the button request; Lear may simply need more air to fully feel and air his grief, just as he needs to be naked to fully feel the wrath of the Heavens. What emerges from this read ing of Q is a mature Lear, mostly in control of his faculties, capable of understanding that his loss is permanent, inexplicable, and beyond words. O, O, O, O! resonates with the fools first act jibe that Lear is an O without a figure; I am better than thou art now. I am a fool, thou art nothing (1.4.183-5). Lear realizes he is an O, if you will. He has become the man who can answer his own haunting question: Who is it who can tell me who I am? (1.4.221). Putting aside for the moment the fact that, in his awful and aware grief, Lear is literally reduced to nothing (zero, 0, O), an audience at a performance of the Quartos play gets to see a Lear who has come to terms with himself, and just like Shakespeares other great tragic heroes will die at the point where he knows he has reached the end of his journey.In this context, Lears very last line before his death in Q, Break, prithee, heart break, reads and plays like the last willful command of a dying king who is somehow, against all odds, still in control of himself. If the gods haphazardly rule over the world in spite of kings, then a king asserts himself against the gods by ruling over himself. An ornery Lear had said to Regan, I have full cause of weeping, but this heart / Shall break into a hundred thousand flaws / Or eer Ill weep (2.2.473-75). Now, Lear has lost control of his weeping (O, O, O, O!) but gained control of his heart. As Lear himself puts it, in the Quarto he die[s] bravely, like a bridegroom, (smug bridegroom in F)(Foakes, 4.6.194). A bridegroom, one assumes, faces marriage like a man.*This triumphant death is the more triumphant in counterpoint to Gloucesters unsuccessful suicide attempt. This world, he says, thinking himself atop a cliff that Edgar has laid out in his imagination, I do renounce and in your [the gods] sights / Shake patiently my great affliction off (4.6.42). An audience that has never before seen King Lear will learn in a few moments that these lines are, to put it crudely, pathetic. Gloucester fails in the most wretched and absurd way, mocked by his son and the gods for his pride and his blindness. By an implied contrast, Lear deserves what pride he has left or, to pick a better word than pride: dignity and can see clearly at the moment of his death.What Lear sees in the Folio, at this same moment, is false. Look on her, look, her lips, / look there, look there! Earlier in the scene, Lear held a real or imagined feather to Cordelias lips and said in both Q and F:This feather stirs. She lives. If it be so,It is a chance which does redeem all sorrowsThat ever I have felt. (5.3.262-4)This suggests that what Lear sees on Cordelias lips is exactly what Lear wants to see on Cordelias lips. If earlier in his insanity Lear erroneously claimed in the Folio that he ha[s] the power / to seal thaccusers lips, (4.6.164), now in F his imagination claims for him the power to make move again the lips of a dead innocent. As Cordelia says, restoration hang / thy med icine on my lips, (4.7.26) Lear looks to her lips for the antidote to his agony when he says five times never. Although it is a chance which does redeem all sorrows / That ever I have felt, it is an illusion. This is the last moment Shakespeare, in F, gives us of his great fallen king. To redeem all of Lears sorrows by a hallucination is to suggest that the greatest of our sorrows are transcended only by the comforting contrivances of the imagination.Many have argued that Lears last utterance in F serves much the same purpose as his last in Q, that by drawing attention to Cordelias lips Lear shifts the focus from himself and, in full recognition of the tragedy of the moment, dies an even nobler death of greater awareness. If it is true that Lear fully understands Cordelia is dead in F, it seems clear, however, that this is hardly triumphant. Shakespeare has already told us in no uncertain terms that Lear is capable of the most profound pathos. To label his dying words as a miserable reiteration of that fact would be to deprive Lear of what Shakespeare only tells his audience about him in Q: the ability to lay claim to his own self, even in, or perhaps as a result of, grasping the full horror of the world. Also, Lears last words in F prohibit both Lears audience on stage and Lears audience in the bleachers from watching him stride valiantly to his end; we are told to look there, to look elsewhere, at the bleakest image of a paradise lost.The argument that Lear knows Cordelia to be dead falls short as well. In a scene where Lear is constantly alternating between sanity (My poor fool is hanged is true) and insanity (My poor fool is hanged is hallucinatory), the jerky and grammatically confused line Look on her, look, her lips, / look there, look there! certainly seems like the last blurting out of a man who has given over into a wish-fulfilling madness. Furthermore, the play provides a model for the joyous death we may assume Lear passes through, if as I am argui ng he believes Cordelia alive again in F. According to Edgars account, Gloucesters flawed heart, / Alack, too weak the conflict to support, / Twixt two extremes of passion, joy and grief, / Burst smilingly (5.3.195-197). Notably, this is upon discovering that his once lost and ever beloved son Edgar is alive and well.There is another example of a heart Twixt two extremes of passion, / joy and grief, which might be argued to imbue Lears death with a beauty of its own. Upon receipt of Kents letter, Cordelia apparently took on the following aspect, as reported by an unbiased gentleman:You have seenSunshine and rain at once, her smiles and tearsWere like a better way. Those happy smiletsThat played on her ripe lip seemed not to knowWhat guests were in her eyes, which parted thenceAs pearls from diamonds dropped. In brief,Sorrow would be a rarity most belovedIf all could so become it. (4.3.17-24)Rain figures so prominently in Lear, while sunshine bursts through the clouds explicitly only here, that to find the two reconciled together in Cordelias face underscores the unbearable horror of Lears loss. The pretty passage also suggests that Shakespeare somehow believes the sheer poetry of Lears hallucination of breath on Cordelias ripe lip might transcend the void her loss creates. Only an audience could validate such a Shakespearean hypothesis; a critic will always have a near impossible time forcing his clumsy apparatuses around these lofty vapors. But even if Lears final sorrow would be a rarity most beloved / if all could so become it, his death in F is, at best, insanely beautiful in a play that only once, only in the gentlemans passage above, contains the idea that beauty can somehow compensate for purposeless misery. Unless, of course, the entire Folio edition of King Lear is supposed to be so beautiful that it should compensate us for our misery. In either case, Shakespeares art becomes the locus of all values, subverting the possibility of any real redemption or any reality-based happiness in a real world. The meaning of the Folio edition becomes the meaninglessness of the Folio edition. Cordelia lays dead and Lear stupidly follows her into nothingness for no other reason than that sorrow can be gorgeous. This is Shakespeare the nihilist, engaging in his art to trick his audience, as he does Lear, into looking at something so beautiful that we forget there is nothing there, upon silent lips.If Shakespeare, as the new revisionists argue and hopefully my analysis in some small way supports, thoughtfully turned Qs draft into the work we know as F, at least so far as Lears death is concerned, he has resolved in two distinctly different ways the problems the story of King Lear presents. In Q, Lear dies as Gloucester wishes to; in F, Lear dies just as Gloucester does. The problem with this analogy besides the fact that Shakespeare never intended for anyone to make it is that when Gloucester attempts to jump from a cliff that does not exist, he is still under the illusion that Edgar may be dead and gone, whereas in Q, Lear dies with the full knowledge that Cordelia is truly no more. And when Gloucesters heart finally does burst, it bursts from the knowledge of Edgars healthy presence, whereas in F, Lear dies under the illusion that Cordelia lives yet again. In Q, Shakespeare counterbalances the ridiculousness of Gloucesters suicide attempt with the power and triumph of a decisive Lear deciding he has had enough. In F, Shakespeare denies both men any power over their respective fates, leaving the absurd suicide attempt as the paradigm of mans power over himself. Gloucester in the Folio would be inarguably correct when he says famously, As flies to wanton boys, so are we to the gods. They kill us for their sport (4.1.41-2), if only there were proof of his assumption of some form of divinity anywhere in Lears divided Britain. That Shakespeare changes his mind on the matter, while managing in either case to produce a coher ent and convincing piece of drama, shows first how tenuously King Lear holds on to its ethos of the regenerative power of suffering, and second how flimsy the distinction is in Shakespeares mind between the nature of tragedy and the tragedy of nature.The question of the validity of that distinction occupies the whole of King Lear, be it in Q or F or both together or in some hodgepodge critical conflation. Lear knows full well by act three that both he and Gloucester are characters in an Oedipal-like tragedy:Nothing could have subdued natureTo such a lowness but his unkind daughters.Is it the fashion that discarded fathersShould have thus little mercy on their flesh?Judicious punishment: ÂÅ'twas this flesh begotThose pelican daughters. (3.4.66-71)It would take Hamlet, Macbeth and Othello, not to mention Oedipus, the entire length of their respective plays before being able to conceive of the idea that their lot was a Judicious punishment for their own faults. The label that Lear ass igns to his particular fault, this flesh [that] begot / Those pelican daughters, may seem to dodge any real responsibility, but given Lears later rambling that But to the girdle do the gods inherit, / Beneath is all the fiends: theres hell, theres darkness (4.5.121-2) it is clear he really does hold it a terrible sin, worthy of the punishment of an earthly damnation (hell), to have had sex with his daughters mother. So if Lear has a firm grasp of his own tragedy, what then is the purpose of continuing on with the play, other than to show that the world itself is tragic? This rhetorical question is especially penetrating if Lear correctly holds fecundity accountable for all the wrongs that fall on his head; fecundity is life itself, the endless cycle of nature. While Q suggests that the purpose of tragedy is to overcome it, Fs vision seems an infinite bleakness, moderated only by illusion. The tension between Lears death in the Folio and his death in the Quarto is the same tension th at drives King Lear, as a single play, forward.Putting Q and F next to each other sheds an interesting light on what Shakespeare hopes to accomplish in Lear. At the very least, it elucidates the meaning Shakespeare makes of illusion, both within King Lear and with King Lear. When Edgar leads Gloucester to a cliff that isnt there, Gloucester thinks he is going to jump into a void. Instead, he jumps into nothing at all, not even the nothingness of the chasm in his mind. This seems to me to be the primary distinction between Lears death in the Quarto and Lears death in the Folio. In the first case, Shakespeare creates an imaginary void only for the audience, in the second both for his characters and the audience. Together, the two contradictory versions of the void make for an all-encompassing void. They lead to the idea that we can never be quite sure whether or not the void Shakespeare seems to assume we are all standing over is really ever there, or if when we fall we land on a grou nd that is neither solid nor shifting, a place that is only and purely theatrical. Worse than nihilism is the uncertainty of it all.

General Education Teacher Faces Obstacles Every Single Day

General education teacher faces obstacles every single day. The teacher not only needs to be well skilled and educated to introduce the concept to the students, but also needs to include all students equally in the learning process. Moreover, teacher should understand how diverse students learn and what kind of students with disabilities teacher can expect in the classroom. Students with learning disabilities can challenge almost every general education teacher because of their specific learning characteristics that are an integral part of their life. Charlita is an example of a student who has some cognitive weaknesses of learning disabilities including short-term memory, problem-solving, math-comprehension, reading, linguistic, and or verbal comprehension. Therefore, her IEP will be developed based on her struggles to support and improve her weaknesses. Charlita’s IEP team, which includes the parents, worked on special education services to help the student improve at school. In addition, as a foundation for higher achievement, the IEP team will identify: Charlita’s current level of learning or performance, but also the effect or impact of her disability on learning. This process is compared to planning a trip to another country. You need to know where you are starting, as well as any challenges that you can encounter. Based on Charlita’s file, the spelling and reading decoding skills are significantly below her ability. She appears to perform better on nonverbal basedShow MoreRelatedStudents With The Tools And Strategies1708 Words   |  7 Pagesgoal for every teacher is to equip their students with the tools and strategies they need to be successful. Educator’s today are faced with many obstacles in order to meet the academic and emotional needs of all students in their classroom. Traditional classroom s move students to another classroom at the end of the year, while looping provides educators the opportunity to remain with their students to the next consecutive grade level. The shift toward single-grade classes with a single-teacher educationalRead MoreSocio- Cultural Issue and Education1249 Words   |  5 PagesFinal Paper Socio- Cultural issue and education Education gives us knowledge of the world around us. Education is not only about what we learn in our textbook as students but about the lessons we learn from those text books. It helps students develop a perspective on how to look at life. Education is the basic foundation for every one. It is instrumental in the development of our values and virtues. The future of our nation is safe in the hands of educated individuals, which is whyRead More Inclusive Education Essay3017 Words   |  13 Pages Currently, there are many obstacles that face special education. Although we live in a democratic nation, many people are unaware that every human being is to be treated equally in an educational institution. Is society conscious of the fact that students with special needs are able to be included in regular education classrooms, whether they be mentally or physically disabled? What actions should people take as legislator, citizen, parent, teacher or student? Typically, the primary responsibilityRead MoreMy Mother s Experiences That Changed My Life2261 Words   |  10 Pagesstruggle in the world with such things as family, education, and being in the work force and are often times undervalued. Many things that happen in life can affect women’s thoughts, feelings, emotions, actions, and finances. I chose my mother, Ellen Murphy, to discuss how certain events throughout her life had affected her with all of those that I listed. 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These individuals face numerous obstacles every day that the average person in society is unaware of. Life with Autism is anything but simplistic. To completely assess this disorder, one must evaluate all aspects of Autism in their own lives and in our society’s past- includingRead MoreProblems and Perspectives in Teaching English in Mixed Ability Classrooms2784 Words   |  12 PagesSENTHILKUMAR,VMKV ENGINEERING COLLEGE,SALEM) All children are born with potential and we cannot be sure of the learning limits of any child (Robert Fisher, 2001:1) Presently, the English language teachers throughout the world keep on buzzing a word that their students are in mixed level. In the past teachers may well have said that the problem was just that some students were cleverer or simply ‘better’ than others in the class. But we now understand that the situation is more complex than that. OurRead MoreEssay on Japan Students and Education4011 Words   |  17 PagesJapan Students and Education After World War II, Japan was a country left with almost no resources and lacked of man power. However, Japanese had managed to reconstruct the country and make Japan a successful industrialized nation. What had make things change so dramatically? What special magic that Japanese people had used? The answer revealed itself when we look closer at the history of the Japan Education System. According to Okano and Tsuchiya that â€Å"Japan education can be split into pre-warRead MoreComparative Education13537 Words   |  55 Pageseducational system, which is divided into primary, secondary and tertiary (college) education. Primary and secondary education is usually imparted at public schools although a strong network of private schools also exists. All educational programs in France are regulated by the Ministry of National Education. Schooling in France is mandatory as of age 6, the first year of primary school while secondary education consists of collà ¨ge for the first four years after primary school and the lycà ©e forRead MoreSocial Work And Social Welfare Policy2501 Words   |  11 Pagesdisparity in the distribution of wealth, privilege, respect, education, health care, and other necessary resources, such as access to affordable housing, food, and clean water. The perpetuation of inequality creates social conflict and hinders the ability of individuals and communities from achieving their full potential (Blau, 2010). There are several causes for the rise of inequality in the United States, such as our public education system, the philosophy of the underserving poor, lack of affordable

Use of Self Impact of Past Experiences on Future Practice

ndividual Personality Attributes My main personality traits drawn from impacts of previous experiences include introversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, optimism and anxiety. Introversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experiences are apart of the Big Five Personality Factors established by Goldberg (1990). Introversion describes an individual who is reserved, quiet and timid which I believe I am in a large amount of circumstances characterised by my tendency to spend more time listening and disliking being the centre of attention in large groups. Being introverted could be beneficial to my social work practice because it allows me to be client centred, engage my active listening skills and feel†¦show more content†¦This will have a potentially negative effect on my future practice, as it could potentially inhibit m work quality and interactions with clients and co-workers, to minimise its effects I will need to be aware and use coping te chniques to reduce anxiety and ensure feelings of confidence. Personality attributes affect on conflict management style Conscientiousness, agreeableness, introversion and openness to experience all contribute to my conflict management style where I value cooperation and collaboration. Which would place me into a cooperativeness style of conflict management as identified by Yelsma and Brown (1985) and a collaboration and problem style approach by identified by Daves and Hollands’ (1989) revision of Follett (1924) conflict styles approach. Personality theories created by Freud, Jung and Adler are constantly being refined by current researchers and have been used to link personality attributes to conflict management styles with the belief that individual behaviour is inherently influence by personality (Daves Holland, 1989). Introversion may be seen as a negative personality trait by some but I feel it will enable me in future social work situations to effectively listen and understand another persons view while agreeableness will allow me to display cooperation and understanding in order to obta in a positive outcome for both parties. Being open will allow me to be reflective and creative in conflict situations,Show MoreRelatedMajor Categories Of Direct Practice1306 Words   |  6 Pagescan competently implement, identify, and describe the four major categories of direct practice in my own practice. 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A Comparative Outlook on Lady Macbeth and Medea free essay sample

From ancient theater of Greece and Rome to modern stylized versions of it, stereotypes of monstrous women have always been present; ranging from ancient Greek tragedian Euripides’s Medea to Oscar Wilde’s sexy Salome and Cinderella’s step-mother. In the current paper, two characters are compared due to the limitations of space assigned. The two characters are Lady Macbeth and Medea. The former is a character in Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, and the latter a character by Euripides in a play by the same name. Both plays are tragedies and both of these characters are called evil in many anthologies and essays. Even painters have brutally portrayed these characters as she devils with horrible faces. But calling them simply by these names is a misnomer and many traits of these characters, if analyzed deeply, are naturally present in all of us. Lady Macbeth and Medea have many things in common with each other: ambitiousness, aggressiveness, intelligence and scheming and many more. We will write a custom essay sample on A Comparative Outlook on Lady Macbeth and Medea or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And some of the qualities are not present in both characters e.g. love, power and etc. Shakespeare, being a renaissance English writer, was familiar with Holinsheds Chronicles (1587) which was a history of England, Scotland and Ireland. And it has been said that, his character’s origins are from this book but with some modifications: whereas in the Chronicle Macbeth is an admired monarch but in Shakespeare’s play he is a usurper. The secondary source for Shakespeare’s Macbeth is said to be the legend of Medea, a sorceress and princess who murdered her own children. Her act has been said, may have influenced Shakespeare’s portrayal of Lady Macbeth. Medea was the central figure of ancient Greek and Roman plays by the playwrights Euripides and Seneca. The story of Medea was known orally by folks at the time of Euripides. So the originality of the work lies in its manner of expression and making the play his own, not the subject matter. The unbound emotion and passion pictured by Medea defied moral norms of Athens. Euripides was one of the prominent ancient Greek tragedians, but he is also called the â€Å"darkest†, â€Å"most disturbing† and â€Å"most innovative† of them. He challenges authority and hollow or hypocritical ideals, and on the contrary